{"id":944,"date":"2026-02-10T15:27:35","date_gmt":"2026-02-10T15:27:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learndeeplytw.com\/?p=944"},"modified":"2026-02-10T15:27:38","modified_gmt":"2026-02-10T15:27:38","slug":"%e9%9b%bb%e8%85%a6%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%b8%e7%99%bc%e5%b1%95%e5%8f%b2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/learndeeplytw.com\/zh_tw\/%e9%9b%bb%e8%85%a6%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%b8%e7%99%bc%e5%b1%95%e5%8f%b2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u96fb\u8166\u79d1\u5b78\u767c\u5c55\u53f2\uff1a\u5f9e\u7b97\u76e4\u5230\u751f\u7269\u8a08\u7b97\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u8207\u6280\u8853\u6f14\u9032"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

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\u5e74\u4ee3<\/strong><\/td>\u8a2d\u5099\u540d\u7a31<\/strong><\/td>\u767c\u660e\u8005<\/strong><\/td>\u95dc\u9375\u6280\u8853\u8207\u908f\u8f2f<\/strong><\/td>\u6b77\u53f2\u5730\u4f4d<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead>
3000 B.C.<\/td>\u7b97\u76e4<\/td>\u5df4\u6bd4\u502b\u4eba<\/td>\u4f4d\u503c\u8a08\u6578\u7cfb\u7d71<\/td>\u904b\u7b97\u8f14\u52a9\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u8d77\u6e90<\/td><\/tr>
100 B.C.<\/td>\u5b89\u63d0\u57fa\u7279\u62c9\u6a5f\u68b0<\/td>\u5e0c\u81d8\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6<\/td>\u5dee\u52d5\u9f52\u8f2a\u6a21\u64ec\u904b\u7b97<\/td>\u6a21\u64ec\u96fb\u8166\u7684\u5dd4\u5cf0\u4e4b\u4f5c<\/td><\/tr>
1623<\/td>\u8a08\u7b97\u9418<\/td>Wilhelm Schickard<\/td>\u9f52\u8f2a\u9032\u4f4d\u6a5f\u5236<\/td>\u9996\u53f0\u6a5f\u96fb\u8a08\u7b97\u5668\u8a2d\u8a08<\/td><\/tr>
1642<\/td>Pascalene<\/td>Blaise Pascal<\/td>\u91cd\u529b\u8207\u9f52\u8f2a\u9a45\u52d5<\/td>\u9996\u53f0\u5546\u7528\u6a5f\u68b0\u52a0\u6cd5\u6a5f<\/td><\/tr>
1674<\/td>\u6b65\u9032\u8a08\u7b97\u5668<\/td>Gottfried Leibniz<\/td>\u6b65\u9032\u5713\u67f1\u9f52\u8f2a<\/td>\u9996\u6b21\u5be6\u73fe\u56db\u5247\u904b\u7b97<\/td><\/tr>
1801<\/td>\u63d0\u82b1\u7e54\u5e03\u6a5f<\/td>Joseph Jacquard<\/td>\u6253\u5b54\u5361\u63a7\u5236<\/td>\u786c\u9ad4\u7de8\u7a0b\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u958b\u7aef<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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\u540c\u4e00\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u8cc7\u6599\u8655\u7406\u7684\u898f\u6a21\u56e0\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u800c\u6025\u5287\u81a8\u8139\u3002\u8d6b\u723e\u66fc\u00b7\u4f55\u6a02\u79ae\uff08Herman Hollerith\uff09\u5728 1889 \u5e74\u958b\u767c\u7684\u96fb\u52d5\u88fd\u8868\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u6253\u5b54\u5361\u6280\u8853\u6210\u529f\u8655\u7406\u4e86 1890 \u5e74\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\u53e3\u666e\u67e5\uff0c\u5176\u6548\u80fd\u9060\u8d85\u50b3\u7d71\u624b\u5de5\u7d71\u8a08 <\/sup>\u3002\u4f55\u6a02\u79ae\u96a8\u5f8c\u5275\u7acb\u4e86\u88fd\u8868\u6a5f\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u6f14\u8b8a\u70ba IBM <\/sup>\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u55ac\u6cbb\u00b7\u5e03\u723e\uff08George Boole\uff09\u65bc 1854 \u5e74\u767c\u8868\u7684\u300a\u601d\u7dad\u898f\u5f8b\u300b\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u5e03\u723e\u4ee3\u6578\uff0c\u5c07\u908f\u8f2f\u8207\u4ee3\u6578\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u70ba\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u96fb\u8def\u958b\u95dc\u908f\u8f2f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6578\u5b78\u6846\u67b6 <\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u524d\u534a\u8449\uff1a\u7406\u8ad6\u57fa\u77f3\u8207\u96fb\u5b50\u8a08\u7b97\u7684\u8a95\u751f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\uff0c\u96fb\u8166\u79d1\u5b78\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u9580\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u908a\u754c\u958b\u59cb\u6e05\u6670\u30021936 \u5e74\uff0c\u827e\u502b\u00b7\u5716\u9748\uff08Alan Turing\uff09\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u95dc\u65bc\u53ef\u8a08\u7b97\u6578\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5716\u9748\u6a5f\uff08Turing Machine\uff09\u7684\u69cb\u60f3 <\/sup>\u3002\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u900f\u904e\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u554f\u984c\u90fd\u80fd\u88ab\u55ae\u4e00\u6a5f\u5668\u57f7\u884c\uff0c\u9019\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u901a\u7528\u96fb\u8166\u7684\u6975\u9650 <\/sup>\u3002\u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u963f\u9686\u4f50\u00b7\u90b1\u5947\uff08Alonzo Church\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86 Lambda \u6f14\u7b97\uff0c\u5169\u8005\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u532f\u805a\u6210\u90b1\u5947-\u5716\u9748\u8ad6\u984c\uff08Church-Turing Thesis\uff09 <\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u786c\u9ad4\u5be6\u73fe\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e8c\u6230\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u5f9e\u6a5f\u96fb\u5230\u96fb\u5b50\u7684\u8de8\u8d8a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Zuse \u7cfb\u5217\uff081936-1941\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5eb7\u62c9\u5fb7\u00b7\u695a\u6fa4\uff08Konrad Zuse\uff09\u5728\u5fb7\u570b\u7814\u767c\u4e86 Z1\u3001Z2\uff0c\u4e26\u5728 1941 \u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86 Z3\u2014\u2014\u5168\u7403\u9996\u53f0\u529f\u80fd\u5b8c\u5099\u3001\u7a0b\u5f0f\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u6a5f\u96fb\u6578\u4f4d\u96fb\u8166\uff0c\u5b83\u63a1\u7528\u4e86\u4e8c\u9032\u4f4d\u6d6e\u9ede\u904b\u7b97 \u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. ABC \u96fb\u8166\uff081942\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u7d04\u7ff0\u00b7\u963f\u5854\u7d0d\u7d22\u592b\uff08John Atanasoff\uff09\u8207\u514b\u91cc\u798f\u00b7\u8c9d\u91cc\uff08Clifford Berry\uff09\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u9996\u53f0\u5168\u96fb\u5b50\u8a08\u7b97\u88dd\u7f6e\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u96fb\u5bb9\u5668\u4f5c\u70ba\u5b58\u5132\u5a92\u4ecb \u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. ENIAC\uff081946\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u7531\u83ab\u5947\u5229\uff08Mauchly\uff09\u8207\u57c3\u514b\u7279\uff08Eckert\uff09\u5728\u8cd3\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u9996\u53f0\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u901a\u7528\u96fb\u5b50\u6578\u4f4d\u96fb\u8166\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 18,000 \u500b\u771f\u7a7a\u7ba1\uff0c\u904b\u7b97\u901f\u5ea6\u6bd4\u7576\u6642\u7684\u6a5f\u96fb\u6a5f\u5668\u5feb\u4e0a\u5343\u500d \u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. \u99ae\u00b7\u8afe\u66fc\u67b6\u69cb\uff081945\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u7d04\u7ff0\u00b7\u99ae\u00b7\u8afe\u66fc\u64b0\u5beb\u4e86 EDVAC \u8a2d\u8a08\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u78ba\u7acb\u4e86\u5c07\u7a0b\u5f0f\u6307\u4ee4\u8207\u6578\u64da\u5171\u540c\u5b58\u5132\u5728\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u4e2d\u7684\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u9019\u6210\u70ba\u73fe\u4ee3\u96fb\u8166\u904b\u4f5c\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6a19\u6e96 \u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    \u514b\u52de\u5fb7\u00b7\u9999\u8fb2\uff08Claude Shannon\uff09\u5728 1937 \u5e74\u7684\u78a9\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u958b\u95dc\u96fb\u8def\u53ef\u4ee5\u7cbe\u78ba\u6a21\u64ec\u5e03\u723e\u908f\u8f2f\uff0c\u4e26\u5728 1948 \u5e74\u5275\u7acb\u4e86\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u300c\u4f4d\u5143\u300d\uff08Bit\uff09\u4f5c\u70ba\u8cc7\u8a0a\u91cf\u5ea6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u55ae\u4f4d <\/sup>\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u786c\u9ad4\u7684\u4ea4\u6703\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u96fb\u8166\u4e0d\u518d\u50c5\u662f\u300c\u5927\u7b97\u76e4\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u6210\u70ba\u80fd\u8655\u7406\u4efb\u4f55\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7684\u901a\u7528\u8655\u7406\u6a5f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u786c\u9ad4\u4e16\u4ee3\u7684\u6f14\u9032\uff1a\u5f9e\u771f\u7a7a\u7ba1\u5230\u5fae\u8655\u7406\u5668<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \u96fb\u8166\u786c\u9ad4\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u5283\u5206\u70ba\u4e94\u500b\u4e16\u4ee3\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u66f4\u8fed\u90fd\u4f34\u96a8\u8457\u8655\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u6548\u80fd\u8207\u9ad4\u7a4d\u7684\u5287\u70c8\u8b8a\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\uff1a\u771f\u7a7a\u7ba1\u6642\u671f\uff081940-1956\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u9019\u4e00\u6642\u671f\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6a5f\u5668\u5305\u62ec ENIAC \u8207 UNIVAC I <\/sup>\u3002\u771f\u7a7a\u7ba1\u626e\u6f14\u96fb\u5b50\u958b\u95dc\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u7f3a\u9ede\u6975\u5176\u660e\u986f\uff1a\u9ad4\u7a4d\u9f90\u5927\uff08\u5e38\u4f54\u64da\u6574\u9593\u6a5f\u623f\uff09\u3001\u8017\u96fb\u5287\u70c8\u4e14\u6975\u6613\u640d\u58de <\/sup>\u3002\u7576\u6642\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a2d\u8a08\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u8cf4\u4e8c\u9032\u4f4d\u6a5f\u5668\u78bc\uff0c\u8f38\u5165\u8f38\u51fa\u5247\u4f9d\u8cf4\u6253\u5b54\u5361\u6216\u7d19\u5e36 <\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3\uff1a\u96fb\u6676\u9ad4\u6642\u671f\uff081956-1963\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    1947 \u5e74\u8c9d\u723e\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u767c\u660e\u96fb\u6676\u9ad4\u5f8c\uff0c\u786c\u9ad4\u9032\u5165\u5c0f\u578b\u5316\u968e\u6bb5 <\/sup>\u3002\u96fb\u6676\u9ad4\u6bd4\u771f\u7a7a\u7ba1\u66f4\u5c0f\u3001\u66f4\u8010\u7528\u4e14\u767c\u71b1\u91cf\u6975\u4f4e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u96fb\u8166\u6027\u80fd\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347 <\/sup>\u3002\u6b64\u6642\u958b\u59cb\u51fa\u73fe\u7d44\u5408\u8a9e\u8a00\u8207\u65e9\u671f\u9ad8\u968e\u8a9e\u8a00\uff08\u5982 FORTRAN\uff09\uff0c\u4e26\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u78c1\u82af\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\uff08Magnetic Core Memory\uff09 <\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\uff1a\u7a4d\u9ad4\u96fb\u8def\u6642\u671f\uff081964-1971\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    1958 \u5e74\u7a4d\u9ad4\u96fb\u8def\uff08IC\uff09\u7684\u767c\u660e\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u5728\u55ae\u4e00\u77fd\u7247\u4e0a\u5c01\u88dd\u5927\u91cf\u96fb\u6676\u9ad4 <\/sup>\u3002\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c IBM System\/360 \u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u4f7f\u8edf\u9ad4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u898f\u683c\u7684\u786c\u9ad4\u4e0a\u57f7\u884c <\/sup>\u3002\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5728\u6b64\u6642\u840c\u82bd\uff0c\u5be6\u73fe\u4e86\u591a\u5de5\u8655\u7406\u8207\u5206\u6642\u7cfb\u7d71 <\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u7b2c\u56db\u4ee3\uff1a\u5fae\u8655\u7406\u5668\u6642\u671f\uff081971-\u81f3\u4eca\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    1971 \u5e74 Intel 4004 \u7684\u63a8\u51fa\u5c07\u6574\u500b CPU \u6574\u5408\u5728\u55ae\u4e00\u6676\u7247\u4e0a\uff0c\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u500b\u4eba\u96fb\u8166\uff08PC\uff09\u9769\u547d <\/sup>\u3002\u8d85\u5927\u578b\u7a4d\u9ad4\u96fb\u8def\uff08VLSI\uff09\u6280\u8853\u4f7f\u5f97\u96fb\u8166\u80fd\u7f6e\u65bc\u684c\u9762\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u638c\u9593 <\/sup>\u30021977 \u5e74 Apple II \u8207 1981 \u5e74 IBM PC \u7684\u63a8\u51fa\uff0c\u6a19\u8a8c\u8457\u96fb\u8166\u6b63\u5f0f\u8d70\u9032\u5bb6\u5ead\u8207\u8fa6\u516c\u5ba4 <\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u786c\u9ad4\u767c\u5c55\u4e16\u4ee3\u7279\u5fb5\u7e3d\u7d50\u8868<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \u4e16\u4ee3<\/strong><\/td>\u6838\u5fc3\u7d44\u4ef6<\/strong><\/td>\u5178\u578b\u5b58\u5132\u5a92\u4ecb<\/strong><\/td>\u512a\u9ede<\/strong><\/td>\u4e3b\u8981\u9650\u5236<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead>
    \u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3<\/td>\u771f\u7a7a\u7ba1<\/td>\u78c1\u9f13\u3001\u6253\u5b54\u5361<\/td>\u904b\u7b97\u5f9e\u6a5f\u68b0\u8f49\u70ba\u96fb\u5b50<\/td>\u9ad4\u7a4d\u5927\u3001\u6975\u6613\u6545\u969c\u3001\u6563\u71b1\u9ad8<\/td><\/tr>
    \u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3<\/td>\u96fb\u6676\u9ad4<\/td>\u78c1\u82af\u3001\u78c1\u5e36<\/td>\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u9ad8\u3001\u529f\u8017\u4f4e<\/td>\u4f9d\u7136\u6602\u8cb4\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u65bc\u5927\u578b\u6a5f\u69cb<\/td><\/tr>
    \u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3<\/td>\u7a4d\u9ad4\u96fb\u8def<\/td>\u78c1\u789f\u3001\u534a\u5c0e\u9ad4\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4<\/td>\u9ad4\u7a4d\u986f\u8457\u7e2e\u5c0f\u3001\u652f\u6301\u591a\u5de5<\/td>\u751f\u7522\u5de5\u85dd\u8907\u96dc\u4e14\u7cbe\u5bc6<\/td><\/tr>
    \u7b2c\u56db\u4ee3<\/td>\u5fae\u8655\u7406\u5668<\/td>LSI\/VLSI\u3001\u78c1\u789f<\/td>\u500b\u4eba\u5316\u3001\u6548\u80fd\u6975\u9ad8\u3001\u50f9\u683c\u89aa\u6c11<\/td>\u6563\u71b1\u8207\u55ae\u6838\u4e3b\u983b\u9047\u5230\u74f6\u9838<\/td><\/tr>
    \u7b2c\u4e94\u4ee3<\/td>AI\/\u91cf\u5b50\u6676\u7247<\/td>\u96f2\u7aef\u5b58\u5132\u3001\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143<\/td>\u4e26\u884c\u8655\u7406\u6975\u9650\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u5b78\u7fd2 <\/sup><\/td>\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u5de5\u7a0b\u5be6\u8e10\u5c1a\u5728\u878d\u5408\u4e2d<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a9e\u8a00\u8207\u8edf\u9ad4\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u5efa\u69cb\u6b77\u7a0b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u6f14\u9032\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u958b\u767c\u8005\u5982\u4f55\u4e0d\u65b7\u63d0\u9ad8\u62bd\u8c61\u5c64\u7d1a\uff0c\u4ee5\u61c9\u5c0d\u65e5\u76ca\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u8edf\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u65e9\u671f\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u958b\u62d3\uff081940s-1950s\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u6700\u521d\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7de8\u5beb\u662f\u900f\u904e\u7269\u7406\u9023\u7dda\u6216\u4e8c\u9032\u4f4d\u6a5f\u5668\u78bc\u5b8c\u6210\u7684 <\/sup>\u30021949 \u5e74\uff0c\u7d44\u5408\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u7c21\u5316\u4e86\u5e95\u5c64\u64cd\u4f5c <\/sup>\u30021954 \u5e74\u81f3 1957 \u5e74\uff0c\u7d04\u7ff0\u00b7\u5df4\u514b\u65af\uff08John Backus\uff09\u9818\u5c0e\u5718\u968a\u958b\u767c\u4e86 FORTRAN\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u9996\u500b\u5ee3\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u9ad8\u968e\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u8a08\u7b97\u554f\u984c <\/sup>\u3002\u96a8\u5f8c\uff0cLISP\uff081958\uff09\u70ba\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u7814\u7a76\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u800c COBOL\uff081959\uff09\u5247\u5c08\u70ba\u5546\u696d\u6578\u64da\u8655\u7406\u800c\u751f <\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u7d50\u69cb\u5316\u8207\u7269\u4ef6\u5c0e\u5411\u7684\u8f49\u5411\uff081960s-1980s\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    1964 \u5e74 BASIC \u7684\u767c\u660e\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u9580\u6abb\uff0c\u8b93\u5b78\u751f\u4e5f\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u96fb\u8166 <\/sup>\u30021970 \u5e74\uff0c\u5c3c\u514b\u52de\u65af\u00b7\u7dad\u723e\u7279\uff08Niklaus Wirth\uff09\u63a8\u51fa Pascal\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u7d50\u69cb\u5316\u7de8\u7a0b <\/sup>\u30021972 \u5e74\u662f\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u4e00\u5e74\uff1a\u4e39\u5c3c\u65af\u00b7\u91cc\u5947\u5728\u8c9d\u723e\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u767c\u660e\u4e86 C \u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u5176\u517c\u5177\u9ad8\u6548\u6027\u8207\u79fb\u690d\u6027\uff0c\u6210\u70ba UNIX \u7684\u57fa\u77f3\uff1b\u540c\u6642\uff0cSmalltalk \u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u78ba\u7acb\u4e86\u7269\u4ef6\u5c0e\u5411\uff08OO\uff09\u7684\u5178\u7bc4 <\/sup>\u30021983 \u5e74\uff0cC++ \u5c07\u7269\u4ef6\u6982\u5ff5\u5f15\u5165 C\uff0c\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u64f4\u5c55\u4e86\u7cfb\u7d71\u8edf\u9ad4\u7684\u958b\u767c\u80fd\u529b <\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u8edf\u9ad4\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u5316\u8207\u5371\u6a5f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u300c\u8edf\u9ad4\u5de5\u7a0b\u300d\u4e00\u8a5e\u5728 1968 \u5e74\u7684 NATO \u6703\u8b70\u4e0a\u88ab\u6b63\u5f0f\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u61c9\u5c0d\u300c\u8edf\u9ad4\u5371\u6a5f\u300d\u2014\u2014\u5373\u8edf\u9ad4\u958b\u767c\u901f\u5ea6\u8ddf\u4e0d\u4e0a\u786c\u9ad4\u9032\u6b65\uff0c\u4e14\u932f\u8aa4\u7387\u5c45\u9ad8\u4e0d\u4e0b <\/sup>\u3002\u746a\u683c\u9e97\u7279\u00b7\u6f22\u5bc6\u723e\u9813\uff08Margaret Hamilton\uff09\u5728\u963f\u6ce2\u7f85\u4efb\u52d9\u4e2d\u5f37\u8abf\u4e86\u9b6f\u68d2\u6027\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027 <\/sup>\u3002\u958b\u767c\u6a21\u578b\u4e5f\u5f9e\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u7011\u5e03\u6a21\u578b\uff081970s\uff09\u767c\u5c55\u5230\u5f37\u8abf\u8fed\u4ee3\u8207\u5354\u4f5c\u7684\u654f\u6377\u958b\u767c\uff08Agile, 2001\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7576\u4ee3\u5f37\u8abf\u6301\u7e8c\u6574\u5408\u7684 DevOps \u6d41\u7a0b <\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\u8207\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\uff1a\u7cfb\u7d71\u67b6\u69cb\u7684\u9748\u9b42<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \u82e5\u786c\u9ad4\u662f\u8ec0\u9ad4\uff0c\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\uff08OS\uff09\u8207\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\uff08DB\uff09\u4fbf\u662f\u96fb\u8166\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u9748\u9b42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u6f14\u5316<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    1. \u6279\u6b21\u8655\u7406\uff081950s\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982 GM-NAA I\/O\uff0c\u81ea\u52d5\u8f09\u5165\u63a5\u7e8c\u4efb\u52d9\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11 CPU \u7a7a\u8f49 \u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. \u5206\u6642\u8207\u591a\u5de5\uff081960s\uff09<\/strong>\uff1aCTSS \u8207 Multics \u5141\u8a31\u8907\u6578\u7528\u6236\u901a\u904e\u7d42\u7aef\u6a5f\u5171\u4eab\u4e3b\u6a5f\u6027\u80fd \u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. UNIX \u8207 GUI\uff081970s-1980s\uff09<\/strong>\uff1aUNIX \u5f15\u9032\u4e86\u6a94\u6848\u7cfb\u7d71\u8207\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u6982\u5ff5 \u30021984 \u5e74 Mac OS \u5f15\u9818\u4e86\u5716\u5f62\u5316\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u96a8\u5f8c Windows \u7684\u666e\u53ca\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u4eba\u6a5f\u4e92\u52d5\u65b9\u5f0f \u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    4. \u958b\u6e90\u8207\u79fb\u52d5\uff081990s-2000s\uff09<\/strong>\uff1aLinux \u7684\u8a95\u751f\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u5354\u4f5c\u7684\u65b0\u7bc7\u7ae0 \u30022007 \u5e74\u5f8c\uff0ciOS \u8207 Android \u91dd\u5c0d\u884c\u52d5\u89f8\u63a7\u512a\u5316\uff0c\u5c07\u8a08\u7b97\u5e36\u5165\u79fb\u52d5\u6642\u4ee3 \u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      \u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u6280\u8853\u7684\u8f49\u578b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      \u65e9\u671f\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u7406\u4f9d\u8cf4\u6a94\u6848\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u96a8\u5f8c\u6f14\u8b8a\u70ba\u5c64\u6b21\uff08IMS\uff09\u8207\u7db2\u72c0\u6a21\u578b <\/sup>\u30021970 \u5e74\uff0c\u57c3\u5fb7\u52a0\u00b7\u79d1\u5fb7\uff08Ted Codd\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u95dc\u806f\u5f0f\u6a21\u578b\uff08Relational Model\uff09\uff0c\u5229\u7528 SQL \u8a9e\u8a00\u5be6\u73fe\u7d50\u69cb\u5316\u67e5\u8a62\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u4e86\u6578\u64da\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff08ACID \u7279\u6027\uff09 <\/sup>\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u7db2\u969b\u7db2\u8def\u5927\u6578\u64da\u6642\u4ee3\u5230\u4f86\uff0c2000 \u5e74\u4ee3\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86 NoSQL \u8207 NewSQL\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u975e\u7d50\u69cb\u5316\u6578\u64da\u7684\u6a6b\u5411\u64f4\u5c55\uff0c\u6eff\u8db3\u4e86 Google\u3001Amazon \u7b49\u5de8\u578b\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u9700\u6c42 <\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u7db2\u969b\u7db2\u8def\u8207\u901a\u8a0a\u9769\u547d\uff1a\u5168\u7403\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u6210\u5f62<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      \u96fb\u8166\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u5927\u7a81\u7834\u662f\u7db2\u8def\u5316\u30021968 \u5e74\u5229\u514b\u840a\u5fb7\uff08Licklider\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u300c\u96fb\u8166\u4f5c\u70ba\u901a\u8a0a\u8a2d\u5099\u300d\u69cb\u60f3\uff0c\u9810\u793a\u4e86\u7db2\u8def\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5230\u4f86 <\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      1. ARPANET \u8207 TCP\/IP<\/strong>\uff1a1969 \u5e74 ARPANET \u7684\u9996\u6b21\u9023\u7dda\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\u5c01\u5305\u4ea4\u63db\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027 \u30021974 \u5e74\u6eab\u7279\u00b7\u745f\u592b\uff08Vint Cerf\uff09\u8207\u9b91\u52c3\u00b7\u5361\u6069\uff08Bob Kahn\uff09\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86 TCP\/IP\uff0c\u9019\u6210\u70ba\u7db2\u969b\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u5168\u7403\u6a19\u6e96\u5354\u8b70 \u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      2. DNS \u8207\u61c9\u7528\u5354\u8b70<\/strong>\uff1a1984 \u5e74 DNS \u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u5c07\u7e41\u96dc\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u6613\u8a18\u7684\u57df\u540d \u3002\u96a8\u5f8c\u96fb\u5b50\u90f5\u4ef6\uff08@ \u7b26\u865f\u7531 Ray Tomlinson \u5f15\u5165\uff09\u8207 FTP \u6210\u70ba\u4e3b\u8981\u61c9\u7528 \u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      3. \u5168\u7403\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7db2\uff08WWW\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a1991 \u5e74\u63d0\u59c6\u00b7\u67cf\u5167\u8332-\u674e\uff08Tim Berners-Lee\uff09\u767c\u660e\u4e86 HTTP \u8207 HTML\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u975e\u6280\u8853\u7528\u6236\u4e5f\u80fd\u901a\u904e\u700f\u89bd\u5668\u8f15\u9b06\u7372\u53d6\u5168\u7403\u8cc7\u8a0a \u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        2026 \u5e74\u8207\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u5dd4\u5cf0\uff1a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u8207\u751f\u7269\u8a08\u7b97<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        \u7576\u4ee3\u96fb\u8166\u79d1\u5b78\u6b63\u8655\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u878d\u5408\u7684\u5947\u9ede\uff0c\u9810\u8a08 2026 \u5e74\u5c07\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u6280\u8853\u5f9e\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u8d70\u5411\u5168\u9762\u61c9\u7528\u7684\u300c\u52d5\u529b\u5e74\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \u4ee3\u7406\u578b\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\uff08Agentic AI\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        \u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u6b63\u5f9e\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u804a\u5929\u4e92\u52d5\u8f49\u5411\u5177\u5099\u81ea\u4e3b\u57f7\u884c\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u300c\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u300d\u3002\u9810\u8a08\u5230 2026 \u5e74\uff0cAgentic AI \u5c07\u5728\u85e5\u7269\u7814\u767c\u3001\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u64ec\u8207\u4f01\u696d\u71df\u904b\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u6838\u5fc3\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u7368\u7acb\u8abf\u7528 API \u4e26\u8655\u7406\u591a\u6b65\u9a5f\u8907\u96dc\u6d41\u7a0b <\/sup>\u3002\u9019\u6a19\u8a8c\u8457\u5f9e LLM\uff08\u5927\u8a9e\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff09\u5411 AGI\uff08\u901a\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\uff09\u9081\u9032\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4e00\u6b65 <\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \u751f\u7269\u904b\u7b97\u8207\u985e\u5668\u5b98\u667a\u6167\uff08OI\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        \u6700\u4ee4\u4eba\u632f\u596e\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\u5728\u65bc\u751f\u7269\u8207\u96fb\u5b50\u7684\u878d\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        1. DNA \u6578\u64da\u5b58\u5132<\/strong>\uff1a\u7531\u65bc DNA \u5177\u5099\u6975\u9ad8\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u5bc6\u5ea6\u8207\u9577\u9054\u767e\u842c\u5e74\u7684\u4fdd\u5b58\u6f5b\u529b\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u754c\u5df2\u5be6\u73fe\u5c07\u6574\u500b\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u5167\u5bb9\u7de8\u78bc\u9032\u5fae\u91cf DNA \u5206\u5b50\u4e2d \u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        2. \u6d3b\u9ad4\u96fb\u8166\u8207\u795e\u7d93\u5e73\u53f0<\/strong>\uff1aFinalSpark \u958b\u767c\u7684 Neuroplatform \u662f\u5168\u7403\u9996\u500b\u63d0\u4f9b\u9060\u7aef\u5b58\u53d6\u751f\u7269\u8655\u7406\u5668\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u6d3b\u9ad4\u4eba\u985e\u8166\u7d30\u80de\uff08\u985e\u5668\u5b98\uff09\u57f7\u884c\u904b\u7b97\uff0c\u5176\u80fd\u6548\u6bd4\u50b3\u7d71\u77fd\u57fa AI \u9ad8\u51fa 100 \u842c\u81f3 100 \u5104\u500d \u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        3. \u5546\u7528\u751f\u7269\u96fb\u8166<\/strong>\uff1a2025 \u5e74 3 \u6708\uff0cCortical Labs \u63a8\u51fa\u4e86 CL1\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u53f0\u6574\u5408\u4e86 80 \u842c\u500b\u795e\u7d93\u5143\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\u751f\u7269\u7d30\u80de\u53ef\u4ee5\u9032\u884c\u76ee\u6a19\u5c0e\u5411\u7684\u904b\u7b97\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5feb\u901f\u5b78\u6703\u73a9\u96fb\u5b50\u904a\u6232 Pong \u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

          \u672a\u4f86\u8a08\u7b97\u6280\u8853\u5c0d\u6bd4\u8868<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          \u6280\u8853\u985e\u5225<\/strong><\/td>\u904b\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/strong><\/td>\u6838\u5fc3\u512a\u52e2<\/strong><\/td>\u7576\u524d\u72c0\u614b\u8207 2026 \u5c55\u671b<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead>
          \u91cf\u5b50\u904b\u7b97<\/td>\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d\u5143 (Qubits) \u758a\u52a0\u8207\u7cfe\u7e8f<\/td>\u6307\u6578\u7d1a\u52a0\u901f\u7279\u5b9a\u6578\u5b78\u554f\u984c<\/td>\u63a5\u8fd1\u5546\u7528\u81e8\u754c\u9ede\uff0c\u5f8c\u91cf\u5b50\u52a0\u5bc6\u6a19\u6e96\u9010\u6b65\u5be6\u65bd<\/td><\/tr>
          \u5149\u5b50\u904b\u7b97<\/td>\u5229\u7528\u5149\u5b50\u50b3\u905e\u8207\u8655\u7406\u8cc7\u8a0a<\/td>\u9ad8\u901f\u3001\u4f4e\u80fd\u8017\u3001\u9069\u5408\u6c42\u89e3 PDE<\/td>2026 \u5e74\u5c07\u90e8\u7f72\u65bc HPC \u4e2d\u5fc3\u8655\u7406\u79d1\u5b78\u6a21\u64ec<\/td><\/tr>
          \u751f\u7269\u904b\u7b97<\/td>\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u3001DNA \u6216\u6d3b\u9ad4\u795e\u7d93\u5143<\/td>\u6975\u81f4\u80fd\u6548\u3001\u9069\u61c9\u6027\u5b78\u7fd2\u80fd\u529b<\/td>2026 \u5e74\u70ba\u300c\u4ee3\u7406\u5e74\u300d\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u786c\u9ad4\u9032\u5165\u79d1\u7814\u670d\u52d9<\/td><\/tr>
          \u908a\u7de3 AI<\/td>\u5c0f\u578b\u8a9e\u8a00\u6a21\u578b (SLM) \u5728\u7d42\u7aef\u57f7\u884c<\/td>\u4f4e\u5ef6\u9072\u3001\u96b1\u79c1\u4fdd\u8b77<\/td>SLM \u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u7fa9\u53ef\u7a7f\u6234\u8a2d\u5099\u8207\u5de5\u696d\u81ea\u52d5\u5316<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

          \u6578\u4f4d\u793e\u6703\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u8207\u502b\u7406\u8003\u91cf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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          \u7d50\u8ad6<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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